GERUNDS

Gerunds

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The Simple Gerund

 

The gerund id the-ing form of the verb used as a noun. Notice that gerund has the same from as the present participle. However, it function differently in the sentence. It is always a noun and can function in any noun position.

Swimming is good exercise. (subject)
My favorite sport is swiming. ( subjective complement )
Joel and Patriceenjoy dancing.( direct object )
I’m tired of camping. ( object of a preposition )
Mila’s favorite sport, fishing, is becoming expensive. ( appositive )

The Gerund Phrase

While gerund functions as a noun, italso retain some of  the characteristics of a verb. Although it may have adjective modifiers like a noun(usually before it), it may have adverbial modifiers like a verb (usually after it). If a noun or pronoun precedesa gerund, it must be in the possessive, or  adjectival, form.  In this section and the next, the gerund phrase is italicized ; the simplegerund is underlined.

Your singing is beautiful.
Everyone admires Patrice’s expert dancing.
Felis was grateful for Rita’s attending her graduation.
I appreciate  Faisal’s going to the hospital with me.
My  neighbors did a lot of loud arguing last night.

The gerund can be the object of a verb or a preposition. It can also havean object. I fact a gerund can e the object of another gerund, of a participle, or of an infinitive.

Making model airplane is a goodhobby for young children.
Practicing diving is a favorite pastime of many swimmers.

The simple gerund and it’s object (s) and modifiers make up gerund phrase. Study the foregoing examples and be sure you can identify each gerund, object, and modifier.

Use of the Gerund and the Gerund Phrase 

Gerund phrase function in the sentence exactly as simple gerunds do. Both are used in noun positions.

Listening requires patience.
Listening  to the radio is good practice in understanding English. (subject)

Mika enjoys camping.

Mika enjoys camping in the mounains. (direct object)

Wahyu ‘s favorite sport is fishing.
Wahyu’s favorite sport is fishing for sea bass. (subjective complement)

I am tired of arguing.
I am tired of arguing with my advisor. (object of a preposition )

My hobby, juggling, is not expensive.
My hobby, juggling flaming torches, is not expensive. (appositive)

Verb  Frequently Followed by Gerunds.

As has been shown, when gerunds follow verbs, they functionas direct objects of those verbs. The sentence pattern thus formed is noun + verb + noun , a pattern that requires a transitive verb. However , only certin verb can be followed by gerunds.

Hereis a reference list of some of the more common verbs that can be followed by gerund, together with illustrative sentence.

admit	The thief admiited stealing the money.
appreciate	Patrice would appreciate hearing from you.
avoid	After their quarrel, she has avoided meeting him.
consider	Joel has already considered continuing his studies.
continue	He will continue studying.
defer	Please defer playing the bill until after January.
delay	He delayed writing the letter until the last minute.
deny	When questioned, the boy denied cheating on the exam.
detest	How I detset her singing !
enjoy	After a hectic week, they enjoyed spending a day at home.
escape	By some miracle Putry escaped being hurt in the flight
finish	When the lights went out, he hadbarely finished putting his room in order.
forgive	I cann’t forgive your not writing to me.
imagine	I cann’t imagine doing that again !
keep (continue)	Tati is so homesick she keeps hoping for a letter from home.
mind (dislike)	I don’t mind working this Autum.
miss	Since I moved to the city, I miss walking in the woods.
notice	Have you noticed Mila’s swimming lately.
postpone	Howard had to postpone leaving for collage.
practice	Please practice writing that exercise again.
prevent	Noting can prevent Dina’s winning the race.
quit	Quit chatting and carry on with your work.
resent	Lisa resent having to work overtime.
resist	She cann’t resist buying every pretty dress she see.
risk	I would not risk missing the bus.
suggest	I suggest having a cup of coffe before we leave.
stop	Nina’s father stopped  stuttering when she relaxed.
try ( experiment)	Please try solving the problem by yourself.
understand	I really cannot understand his doing something like that.

posted by : Rianda Rita Ayu